Java: Getters and Setters Design

Encapsulation ensures objects manage their own state and behavior.

Encapsulation ties closely with the principle of object responsibility, where each object should manage its own state and behavior. This design approach leads to more modular and maintainable code. For instance, a `Cart` object in an e-commerce app should handle adding and removing items itself, not delegate these responsibilities to external code, thus keeping its state consistent.