It uses the Signature to verify the token's integrity.
The Signature part of a JWT is created using a secret key and a signing algorithm (like HMAC SHA256). When a server receives a JWT, it recalculates the Signature using the Header and Payload it has received and compares it with the Signature in the token. If they match, the token is authentic. For instance, an e-commerce API can trust the JWT sent by a client after successful verification.