Java: Method Overriding

It allows subclasses to provide specific implementations for inherited methods, enabling polymorphism.

Method overriding is crucial in object-oriented programming because it allows subclasses to offer specific implementations of methods defined in their superclasses. This is key to achieving polymorphism, where objects of different classes can be treated as objects of a common superclass, yet behave differently based on their specific class implementations. For instance, a `Payment` superclass might have a `processPayment()` method, and subclasses like `CreditCardPayment` and `PayPalPayment` can override it to handle payments differently.