Substitutability allows an instance of a subclass to be used wherever a parent class is expected.
Substitutability, a principle of polymorphism, means you can use a subclass object in place of a parent class object. For example, in a checkout system, you might use `PaymentMethod` as a type and pass a `CreditCardPayment` object, allowing new payment methods to be added with minimal code changes.
Additional Notes
Why is substitutability a key principle of polymorphism?